Metformin
What is Metformin?
Metformin is a medication commonly prescribed for type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
How Does it Work and Why is it Important to Take?
Metformin helps your body use insulin better, which lowers blood sugar levels and makes your body more sensitive to insulin.
This is important for managing diabetes and avoiding problems like heart disease, kidney damage, and nerve issues.
In PCOS, Metformin also helps regulate periods, control insulin, and boost fertility.
The Dose of The Medication
The usual starting dose of Metformin is 500mg a day, gradually increasing as directed by your clinician.
The maximum dose is 2g a day, potentially split depending on the formulation.
How and When to Take It
Take Metformin with or after meals. If prescribed once a day, take it in the evening.
What to Expect
Metformin may not cause noticeable symptoms, but it's important to continue taking it as prescribed.
What to Do if You Miss a Dose
If you miss a dose, skip it and take the next scheduled dose. Never double up on doses.
Possible Side Effects
Stomach pain
Diarrhoea
Nausea and vomiting
Loss of appetite
Metallic taste
Management of Side Effects
Click here for common side effects and how to manage them.
If you experience a metallic taste, try sugar-free chewing gum.
Some side effects improve as your body adjusts.
If severe, persistent or bothersome side effects occur, consult your GP, local pharmacy, or NHS 111.
Common Interactions
Inform your clinician about all medications, including over-the-counter and herbal supplements.
Special Warnings
Limit alcohol intake to 14 units a week, as it can affect blood sugar control
Metformin can cause vitamin B12 deficiency; consult your GP clinician or NHS 111 for symptoms such as tiredness, weakness, mouth sores, or vision changes
If you experience symptoms of low blood sugar, such as feeling hungry, shaking, sweating, confusion, or difficulty concentrating while taking Metformin with other diabetic drugs, consume fast-acting sugars like juice or food, and contact your GP or NHS 111 if symptoms persist.
Dehydration can affect kidney function; if you experience vomiting or diarrhoea, follow 'Sick Day Rules' here.
Monitoring Your Progress
Regular check-ups with your GP clinician are vital to monitor blood sugar levels, kidney function, and overall health.
Where to Find More Information and Who to Contact
Refer to the patient information leaflet and the NHS website for more details.
If you have questions or experience unusual symptoms, contact your GP clinician, local pharmacy, or NHS 111.