Nitrofurantoin

What is Nitrofurantoin?

  • Nitrofurantoin is an antibiotic that fights bladder infections by targeting bacteria responsible for urinary tract infections (UTIs).

How Does it Work and Why is it Important to Take?

  • Nitrofurantoin fights UTIs by disrupting bacteria growth and damaging their DNA.

  • It's crucial to follow your doctor's instructions precisely to clear the infection completely and prevent it from returning.

The Dose of The Medication

  • For treating UTIs:

    • Modified release: Typically, the dose is 100mg twice daily.

    • Standard release: Usually, the dose is 50mg four times a day.

  • To prevent UTIs:

    • The standard release nitrofurantoin at a dose of 50mg to 100mg is taken once daily at night.

How and When to Take It

  • Space out the doses evenly throughout the day for treating an infection, even if symptoms improve.

  • Take Nitrofurantoin with food or milk to reduce stomach upset.

What to Expect

  • Symptoms may improve within days of starting Nitrofurantoin.

What to Do if You Miss a Dose

  • If you forget a dose, take it when you remember.

  • If it's close to your next scheduled dose, skip the missed one—never double up.

Possible Side Effects

  • Nausea and vomiting

  • Diarrhoea

  • Headaches

  • Loss of appetite

  • Dizziness

  • Drowsiness

  • Urine colour changes to a dark yellow/brown (harmless)

Management of Side Effects

  • Click here for common side effects and how to manage them.

  • Some side effects improve as your body adjusts.

  • If severe, persistent or bothersome side effects occur, consult your GP, local pharmacy, or NHS 111.

Common Interactions

  • Inform your clinician about all medications you are taking, including over-the-counter and herbal supplements.

  • Consult your GP clinician before taking indigestion remedies containing magnesium or purchasing any cystitis remedies.

Special Warnings

  • See your GP clinician or call NHS 111 if experiencing:

    • Signs of a lung problem: Cough, coughing up blood or mucus, shortness of breath, pain when breathing, or fever.

    • Signs of liver or gall bladder problem: Yellow eyes or skin, pale stools, or dark urine.

    • Signs of blood problems: Unexplained bleeding or bruising, fever, feeling tired, or unwell.

    • Pins and needles sensation.

Monitoring Your Progress

  • No regular monitoring is required.

  • If symptoms persist or worsen during or after the course, contact your GP clinician or NHS 111.

Where to Find More Information and Who to Contact

  • Refer to the patient information leaflet and the NHS website for more details.

  • If you have questions or experience unusual symptoms, contact your GP clinician, local pharmacy, or NHS 111.